Care este singura șansă de supraviețuire în cazul cancerului renal
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"Dobândit" mai mult de bărbați decât de femei, cancerul renal este una dintre cele mai frecvente forme de cancer ale prezentului. Medicii susțin că boala nu are nici semne clare, care să ducă pacientul către cabinetul de specialitate, și nici nu are cauze specifice, fiecare pacient având un istoric medical diferit și factori de risc diverși. Cel mai important aspect, când vine vorba despre această boală, este că ea poate avea șanse foarte mari de vindecare dacă este descoperită în stadiul primar. De altfel, acela este și momentul în care se intervine chirurgical.
"Descoperit în stadiul incipient, adică gradul I de boală, cancerul renal poate fi controlat foarte bine cu ajutorul chirurgiei. În acest sens, dacă în timpul operației se scoate tot țesutul canceros, pacientul nu mai trebuie să treacă prin chinuitoarele ședințe de chimioterapie. Acest cancer apare mai ales după vârsta de 50 de ani, afectează mai mult bărbații și se datorează unui cumul de factori declanșatori: fumatul, alimentația sau poluarea", explică dr. Azis Olgun, medic specialist urolog în cadrul Spitalului Județean Constanța.
Fumatul,
cel mai mare dușman
Medicul susține că fumătorii sunt cei mai predispuși la această formă de cancer. Mai mult de 30% din cazuri se datorează acestui viciu, chiar dacă pacienții îl asociază mai degrabă cu cancerul de plămâni. Problemele apar însă, iar aceștia resimt boala extrem de agresiv.
"Simptomatologia complexă a cancerului renal prezintă o multitu-dine de semne la nivelul aparatului cardiovascular, respirator sau la nivelul tubului digestiv. De asemenea, pot apărea manifestări hematologice și endocrine. Mai trebuie menționate, totuși, și expunerea la poluare profesio-nală sau unele medicamente, în apa-riția acestui cancer", susține medicul.
La cuțit!
În cancerul renal, terapiile medicamentoase nu pot ține boala sub control, așa cum nu pot reduce mărimea nodulilor maligni, formați pe rinichi. De aceea, protocolul diagnosticării impune o serie de investigații realizate de o echipă formată din urolog, oncolog și nefrolog.
"O întreagă echipă medicală se ocupă de diagnosticarea și intervenția pentru cancerul renal. Mai mult, în timpul operației de nefrectomie parțială sau radicală, pacientului i se va preleva și o biopsie, care va indica gradul afecțiunii și dacă bolnavul va necesita și chimioterapie. Operația este extrem de delicată și poate să aibă o durată de câteva ore. După acest pas, acesta rămâne internat cel puțin o săptămână, timp în care va primi tratament de suport.
În oricare dintre situații, acesta va reveni la analize după 30 de zile de la intervenția chirurgicală. El va fi monitorizat pentru tot restul vieții", a completat medicul.
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